{"id":3965,"date":"2018-10-16T08:46:06","date_gmt":"2018-10-16T08:46:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/?p=3965"},"modified":"2018-10-16T08:46:06","modified_gmt":"2018-10-16T08:46:06","slug":"program-stakeholder-engagement","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/2018\/10\/16\/program-stakeholder-engagement\/","title":{"rendered":"Program Stakeholder Engagement"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>What is a stakeholder?<\/h1>\n<p>A stakeholder is an individual, group, or organization that may affect, be affected by, or perceive itself to be affected by a decision, activity, or outcome of a project, program, or portfolio.<\/p>\n<p>Balancing stakeholder interests is important, considering their potential impact on program benefits realization or the inherent conflicting nature of those interests.<\/p>\n<p>People have a tendency to resist direct management when the relationship does not have a hierarchical affiliation.<\/p>\n<p>The program manager interacts with stakeholders in the following ways:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Engages stakeholders by assessing their <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">attitudes<\/span> and <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">interests<\/span> toward the program and their change readiness;<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Includes stakeholders<\/span> in program activities and uses communications targeted to their needs, interests, requirements, expectations, and wants, according to their change readiness and selected organizational change management strategy speed and scale;<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Monitors stakeholder feedback<\/span> within the context and understanding of the relationship to the program; and<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Supports training initiatives<\/span> as needed within the context of the program or related organizational structure of the program component.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>This two-way communication enables the program manager to deliver the benefits for the organization in accordance with the program charter.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">People have the propensity to resist change<\/span> whenever they have not directly requested it, have not participated in creating it, do not understand the necessity for it, or are concerned with the effect of the change on them personally.<\/p>\n<h1>What is a stakeholder engagement?<\/h1>\n<p>Stakeholder engagement is often expressed <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">as direct and indirect communication among the stakeholder and the program\u2019s leaders and team<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>Stakeholder engagement, however, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">includes more than just communication<\/span>. For example, stakeholders can be engaged by involving them in goal setting, quality analysis reviews, or other program activities.<\/p>\n<p>The <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">primary objective<\/span> is to <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">gain<\/span> and <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">maintain stakeholder buy-in<\/span> for the program\u2019s objectives, benefits, and outcomes.<\/p>\n<p>The complexity of those environments warrants the efforts of the program manager to understand and manage the wide stakeholder base. Figure below depicts a diverse stakeholder environment that may shape the actions needed to manage those expectations.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/2018\/10\/16\/program-stakeholder-engagement\/pgmp-program-stakeholder-engagement-environment\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-3966\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3966\" src=\"http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-environment.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"950\" height=\"728\" srcset=\"http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-environment.jpg 950w, http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-environment-300x230.jpg 300w, http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-environment-768x589.jpg 768w, http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-environment-391x300.jpg 391w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 950px) 100vw, 950px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Beyond the communications aspect, stakeholder engagement concerns <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">negotiation of objectives, agreement on desired benefits, commitment to resources, and ongoing support<\/span> throughout the program.<\/p>\n<h1>Program stakeholder identification<\/h1>\n<p>It aims to identify all key stakeholders (or stakeholder groups) in the stakeholder register.<\/p>\n<p>This register lists<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>the stakeholders,<\/li>\n<li>categorizes their relationship to the program,<\/li>\n<li>their ability to influence the program outcome,<\/li>\n<li>their degree of support for the program,<\/li>\n<li>and other characteristics or attributes the program manager feels could influence the stakeholders\u2019 perception and the program\u2019s outcomes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/2018\/10\/16\/program-stakeholder-engagement\/pgmp-program-stakeholder-engagement-identification-process\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-3970\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3970\" src=\"http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-identification-process.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1068\" height=\"184\" srcset=\"http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-identification-process.jpg 1068w, http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-identification-process-300x52.jpg 300w, http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-identification-process-768x132.jpg 768w, http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-identification-process-1024x176.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-identification-process-500x86.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1068px) 100vw, 1068px\" \/><\/a>The stakeholder register:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>should be established and maintained in such a way that members of the program team can reference it easily for use in reporting, distributing program deliverables, and providing formal and informal communications.<\/li>\n<li>is a dynamic document,\u00a0as the program evolves, new stakeholders may emerge or interests of current groups may shift.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/2018\/10\/16\/program-stakeholder-engagement\/pgmp-program-stakeholder-engagement-register\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-3971\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3971\" src=\"http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-register.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"968\" height=\"189\" srcset=\"http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-register.jpg 968w, http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-register-300x59.jpg 300w, http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-register-768x150.jpg 768w, http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-register-500x98.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 968px) 100vw, 968px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h1>Program stakeholder analysis<\/h1>\n<p>It categorizes the stakeholders (needs, expectations, or influence) in order to start analyzing them.<\/p>\n<p>Key information should be obtained from stakeholders in order to better understand the organizational culture, politics, and concerns related to the program, as well as the overall impact of the program.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/2018\/10\/16\/program-stakeholder-engagement\/pgmp-program-stakeholder-engagement-analysis-process\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-3972\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3972\" src=\"http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-analysis-process.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1067\" height=\"266\" srcset=\"http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-analysis-process.jpg 1067w, http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-analysis-process-300x75.jpg 300w, http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-analysis-process-768x191.jpg 768w, http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-analysis-process-1024x255.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-analysis-process-500x125.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1067px) 100vw, 1067px\" \/><\/a>It allows the program team to make informed decisions about how and when to engage stakeholders, taking into account their interest, influence, involvement, inter-dependencies and support levels.<\/p>\n<h1>Program stakeholder engagement planning<\/h1>\n<p>It <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">outlines<\/span> how all program stakeholders will be engaged throughout the duration of the program.<\/p>\n<p>The following aspects for each stakeholder are taken into consideration:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Organizational culture<\/span> and acceptance of change,<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Attitudes<\/span> about the program and its sponsors,<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Relevant phase<\/span>(s) applicable to stakeholders specific engagement,<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Expectation<\/span> of program <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">benefits<\/span> delivery,<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Degree of support<\/span> or <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">opposition<\/span> to the program <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">benefits<\/span>, and<\/li>\n<li>Ability to <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">influence<\/span> the outcome of the program.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/2018\/10\/16\/program-stakeholder-engagement\/pgmp-program-stakeholder-engagement-engagement-planning-process\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-3973\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3973\" src=\"http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-engagement-planning-process.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1069\" height=\"228\" srcset=\"http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-engagement-planning-process.jpg 1069w, http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-engagement-planning-process-300x64.jpg 300w, http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-engagement-planning-process-768x164.jpg 768w, http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-engagement-planning-process-1024x218.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-engagement-planning-process-500x107.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1069px) 100vw, 1069px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h1>Program stakeholder engagement<\/h1>\n<p>Stakeholder engagement is a continuous program activity because the list of stakeholders and their attitudes and opinions change as the program progresses and delivers benefits.<\/p>\n<p>One of the primary roles of the program manager throughout the duration of the program is to <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">ensure all stakeholders are adequately and appropriately engaged<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>The stakeholder register, stakeholder map, and stakeholder engagement plan should be <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">referenced and evaluated<\/span> often, and updated as needed.<\/p>\n<p>Interacting and engaging with stakeholders allows the program team to communicate program benefits and their relevance to the organization\u2019s strategic objectives. When necessary, the program manager may utilize <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">strong communication<\/span>, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">negotiation<\/span>, and <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">conflict resolution skills<\/span> to help defuse stakeholder opposition to the program and its stated benefits.<\/p>\n<p>Large programs with diverse stakeholders may also require <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">facilitated negotiation<\/span> sessions among stakeholders or stakeholder groups when their expectations conflict.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/2018\/10\/16\/program-stakeholder-engagement\/pgmp-program-stakeholder-engagement-process\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-3974\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3974\" src=\"http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-process.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1065\" height=\"320\" srcset=\"http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-process.jpg 1065w, http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-process-300x90.jpg 300w, http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-process-768x231.jpg 768w, http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-process-1024x308.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-engagement-process-500x150.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1065px) 100vw, 1065px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>The primary metrics for stakeholder engagement are <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">positive contributions<\/span> to the realization of the program\u2019s objectives and benefits, stakeholder participation, and frequency or rate of communication with the program team.<\/p>\n<p>The <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">history of stakeholder participation<\/span> provides important background information that could influence stakeholder perceptions and expectations.<\/p>\n<p>As the program team works with the stakeholders, it collects and logs stakeholder <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">issues<\/span> and <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">concerns<\/span> and manages them to closure. Use of an <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">issue log<\/span> to document, prioritize, and track issues helps the entire program team understand the feedback received from the stakeholders.<\/p>\n<p>When the list of stakeholders is small, a simple spreadsheet may be an adequate tracking tool. For programs with complex risks and issues affecting large numbers of stakeholders, a more sophisticated tracking and prioritization mechanism may be required.<\/p>\n<h1>Program stakeholder communications<\/h1>\n<p>Effective communications create a <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">bridge between diverse stakeholders who may have different cultural and organizational backgrounds<\/span>, different levels of expertise, and different perspectives and interests, all of which may impact or influence the delivery of benefits by the program.<\/p>\n<p>The program manager should actively engage stakeholders throughout the life cycle of the program, with particular attention to those key stakeholders who are high in <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">power<\/span> and <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">influence<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>It is important that decision-making stakeholders are provided with adequate information to make the right decisions at the right time necessary to move the program forward.<\/p>\n<p>The program manager should continually <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">monitor changes<\/span> and update stakeholder engagement activities and deliverables as needed.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/2018\/10\/16\/program-stakeholder-engagement\/pgmp-program-stakeholder-communications-process\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-3975\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3975\" src=\"http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-communications-process.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1067\" height=\"295\" srcset=\"http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-communications-process.jpg 1067w, http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-communications-process-300x83.jpg 300w, http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-communications-process-768x212.jpg 768w, http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-communications-process-1024x283.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/PgMP-Program-stakeholder-communications-process-500x138.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1067px) 100vw, 1067px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What is a stakeholder? A stakeholder is an individual, group, or organization that may affect, be affected by, or perceive itself to be affected by a decision, activity, or outcome of a project, program, or portfolio. Balancing stakeholder interests is important, considering their potential impact on program benefits realization or the inherent conflicting nature of &#8230; <a title=\"Program Stakeholder Engagement\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"http:\/\/joapen.com\/blog\/2018\/10\/16\/program-stakeholder-engagement\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Program Stakeholder Engagement\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[181],"class_list":["post-3965","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-program-management","tag-pgmp"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Program Stakeholder Engagement -<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"What is a stakeholder? 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